VOCABULARY
TOEIC 人事の頻出英単語
TOEICによく出る「人事」関連の必須単語60語のリストです。これらの単語は、Part 3、4、7で特に頻出します。
Category: 人事60 Key Terms
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人事の語彙は、試験の多くのパートにまたがって出題されるため、集中的に覚えることでスコアアップに直結します。
Key Terms
| Word | Meaning | Example | Level |
|---|---|---|---|
| recruit | To find and hire new employees | We need to recruit three new engineers. | Easy |
| compensation | The total pay and benefits an employee receives | The compensation package is very competitive. | Medium |
| appraisal | A formal assessment of an employee's performance | Performance appraisals are scheduled for December. | Hard |
| applicant | A person who formally requests a job | Over two hundred applicants responded to the posting. | Easy |
| candidate | A person being considered for a position | Three candidates were invited for a second interview. | Easy |
| resume | A summary of a person's education and work history | Attach your resume and a cover letter. | Easy |
| credentials | Qualifications that prove a person's ability | Her credentials in software security are impressive. | Medium |
| vacancy | A position that is available to be filled | There is currently a vacancy in the accounting department. | Medium |
| promotion | A move to a more senior position | He received a promotion after two years. | Easy |
| supervisor | A person who directs the work of others | Report any absence to your immediate supervisor. | Easy |
| personnel | The people employed by an organization | All personnel must complete the security training. | Medium |
| orientation | An introductory program for new employees | New-hire orientation lasts two days. | Medium |
| probation | A trial period at the start of employment | The six-month probation period ends in July. | Medium |
| benefits | Non-salary rewards such as insurance and leave | Benefits include health coverage and a pension plan. | Easy |
| payroll | The list of employees and the wages paid to them | Payroll is processed on the last Friday of the month. | Medium |
| retention | Keeping employees at a company over time | Flexible hours improved staff retention. | Medium |
| turnover | The rate at which employees leave and are replaced | High turnover in the call centre concerned management. | Hard |
| resign | To formally leave a job | She resigned to take a position abroad. | Easy |
| severance | Money paid to an employee who is let go | The severance package covers three months of salary. | Hard |
| layoff | The dismissal of employees for business reasons | The layoffs affected twelve people in production. | Medium |
| workforce | All the people who work for an organization | Half the workforce now works remotely. | Medium |
| morale | The confidence and enthusiasm of a group | The new break room noticeably improved morale. | Hard |
| mentor | An experienced person who advises a colleague | Every new analyst is assigned a mentor. | Medium |
| seniority | Status earned through length of service | Vacation days increase with seniority. | Hard |
| eligible | Meeting the conditions required to qualify | Employees are eligible for the plan after ninety days. | Medium |
| reference | A statement about a person's character or ability | Please provide two professional references. | Easy |
| shortlist | A reduced list of the strongest candidates | Four names made the shortlist. | Medium |
| onboarding | The process of integrating a new employee | Onboarding now takes place entirely online. | Medium |
| incentive pay | Extra pay awarded for meeting targets | Incentive pay is tied to quarterly results. | Medium |
| grievance | A formal complaint from an employee | The grievance was resolved through mediation. | Hard |
| reinstate | To restore someone to a former position | The employee was reinstated after the review. | Hard |
| delegation | The act of assigning responsibility to others | Effective delegation frees managers for planning. | Medium |
| workload | The amount of work assigned to a person | The new hire reduced everyone's workload. | Easy |
| attrition | A gradual reduction in staff through resignations | Positions were eliminated through natural attrition. | Hard |
| stipend | A fixed regular payment, often for expenses | Interns receive a monthly stipend. | Hard |
| accommodate | To adjust conditions to meet someone's needs | The office was modified to accommodate wheelchair users. | Medium |
| commend | To formally praise someone | The director commended the team for its response. | Hard |
| tenure | The length of time a person holds a position | During her tenure, exports doubled. | Hard |
| recruitment drive | An organized campaign to hire many people | The recruitment drive filled forty positions. | Medium |
| job description | A written statement of a role's duties | The job description lists five core responsibilities. | Easy |
| staffing | The process of providing an organization with workers | Staffing levels are reviewed at the start of each quarter. | Medium |
| headcount | The total number of people a company employs | Headcount grew from ninety to one hundred and forty. | Medium |
| qualifications | The skills, training, or credentials a role requires | Applicants must list their qualifications on the form. | Easy |
| overtime | Hours worked beyond the normal schedule, usually paid at a higher rate | Overtime must be approved by a supervisor in advance. | Easy |
| recruiter | A person whose job is to find and hire candidates | A recruiter will contact shortlisted applicants this week. | Easy |
| internship | A temporary training position, often for students | The summer internship lasts ten weeks. | Easy |
| retirement | The point at which a person permanently stops working | He announced his retirement after thirty years with the firm. | Easy |
| timesheet | A record of the hours an employee has worked | Submit your timesheet by noon on Friday. | Easy |
| subordinate | An employee who reports to someone of higher rank | Each manager meets their subordinates once a month. | Medium |
| relocation | A move to a different place of work, often company-funded | The package covers relocation costs for the whole family. | Medium |
| dismissal | The act of removing an employee from a job | Repeated lateness can be grounds for dismissal. | Medium |
| notice period | The time an employee must work between resigning and leaving | Her contract specifies a one-month notice period. | Medium |
| union | An organization that represents workers in negotiations | The union and management reached an agreement on wages. | Medium |
| pension | A regular payment made to a person after they retire | The company contributes five percent to each employee's pension. | Medium |
| deduction | An amount subtracted from pay, such as tax or insurance | The deduction for health coverage appears on every pay slip. | Medium |
| competency | A skill or ability a role requires, used to assess performance | The review measures six core competencies. | Medium |
| downsizing | Reducing the number of employees to cut costs | Downsizing eliminated two management layers. | Medium |
| sabbatical | An extended period of paid or unpaid leave from work | After seven years, staff may apply for a sabbatical. | Hard |
| apprenticeship | A period of on-the-job training in a skilled trade | The apprenticeship combines paid work with classroom study. | Hard |
| aptitude | A natural ability to learn or do something well | Candidates sit an aptitude test before the interview. | Hard |
よくある質問
なぜ人事の単語を覚えるべきですか？
TOEICの出題テーマの多くは人事に関連しており、文脈を素早く理解するために必須だからです。
どのように学習するのが効果的ですか？
単語の意味だけでなく、例文を通じてコロケーション（よく使われる単語の組み合わせ）として覚えるのが効果的です。
60語を覚えるのにどれくらいかかりますか？
1日10語を目安にすると、6日で一巡できます。翌日と1週間後に復習すると定着率が上がります。