VOCABULARY
TOEIC 物流・配送の頻出英単語
TOEICによく出る「物流・配送」関連の必須単語40語のリストです。これらの単語は、Part 3、4、7で特に頻出します。
Category: 物流・配送40 Key Terms
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物流・配送の語彙は、試験の多くのパートにまたがって出題されるため、集中的に覚えることでスコアアップに直結します。
Key Terms
| Word | Meaning | Example | Level |
|---|---|---|---|
| shipment | A quantity of goods sent together | The shipment was delayed at customs. | Easy |
| inventory | The complete stock of goods a business holds | We take inventory before the end of the year. | Medium |
| freight | Goods transported in bulk | Air freight is faster but more expensive. | Hard |
| warehouse | A large building for storing goods | The warehouse operates around the clock. | Easy |
| supplier | A company that provides goods or materials | Our supplier raised prices in January. | Easy |
| distributor | A company that supplies goods to retailers | The distributor covers the entire west coast. | Medium |
| consignment | A batch of goods sent to a destination | The consignment arrives Tuesday morning. | Hard |
| customs | The official department that inspects imported goods | Clearing customs took an extra two days. | Medium |
| tariff | A tax on imported or exported goods | New tariffs increased the cost per unit. | Hard |
| carrier | A company that transports goods | We switched carriers to cut delivery times. | Medium |
| dispatch | To send goods off to a destination | Orders placed before noon are dispatched the same day. | Medium |
| expedite | To make a process happen more quickly | Please expedite the order for our largest client. | Hard |
| procurement | The process of obtaining supplies for a business | Procurement approved the new vendor. | Hard |
| logistics | The coordination of moving goods and resources | Logistics costs account for a fifth of the total. | Medium |
| pallet | A flat platform used to move stacked goods | Each pallet holds forty-eight cartons. | Medium |
| container | A large standardized box for shipping cargo | Two containers were loaded at the port. | Easy |
| cargo | Goods carried by ship, aircraft, or truck | The cargo was insured for its full value. | Easy |
| backorder | An order for an item currently out of stock | The item is on backorder until March. | Medium |
| restock | To fill up a supply of goods again | We restock the shelves every Monday. | Easy |
| surcharge | An additional charge added to a price | A fuel surcharge applies to overseas deliveries. | Medium |
| in transit | Currently being transported to a destination | Your package is in transit and arrives Thursday. | Easy |
| lead time | The time between ordering and receiving goods | Lead time on custom parts is six weeks. | Medium |
| bulk | A large quantity bought or sold at once | Buying in bulk lowers the unit price. | Easy |
| perishable | Likely to spoil or decay quickly | Perishable goods travel in refrigerated trucks. | Hard |
| fragile | Easily broken or damaged | Mark the box fragile before shipping. | Easy |
| warehouse manifest | A document listing the contents of a shipment | Check the manifest against the delivery. | Hard |
| fulfilment | The process of completing and shipping an order | A third party handles order fulfilment. | Medium |
| courier | A company or person delivering packages | A courier will collect the documents at three. | Easy |
| warehouse capacity | The maximum amount a storage facility can hold | We are operating at ninety percent of warehouse capacity. | Medium |
| reroute | To send along a different path | Storms forced the carrier to reroute the shipment. | Medium |
| unload | To remove goods from a vehicle | The crew unloaded the truck in under an hour. | Easy |
| warehouse audit | A formal check of stored stock | The warehouse audit found a small discrepancy. | Medium |
| obsolete | No longer produced or used | Obsolete parts were removed from inventory. | Hard |
| shortage | A situation where there is not enough of something | A chip shortage delayed production. | Medium |
| warehouse relocation | The move of storage operations to a new site | The warehouse relocation finishes in August. | Medium |
| freight forwarder | A firm that arranges shipping on a client's behalf | Our freight forwarder handles all export paperwork. | Hard |
| bill of lading | A document listing goods being shipped | Sign the bill of lading when the driver arrives. | Hard |
| warehouse staff | Employees who handle stored goods | Warehouse staff work in two shifts. | Easy |
| traceable | Able to be tracked to its origin or location | Every parcel is traceable through the portal. | Medium |
| quota | A fixed limit on quantity | The import quota was raised this year. | Hard |
よくある質問
なぜ物流・配送の単語を覚えるべきですか？
TOEICの出題テーマの多くは物流・配送に関連しており、文脈を素早く理解するために必須だからです。
どのように学習するのが効果的ですか？
単語の意味だけでなく、例文を通じてコロケーション（よく使われる単語の組み合わせ）として覚えるのが効果的です。
40語を覚えるのにどれくらいかかりますか？
1日10語を目安にすると、4日で一巡できます。翌日と1週間後に復習すると定着率が上がります。